Frequentist Approach to Statistics
- Probability is defined through frequencies in long term experiments
- Example: the probability getting heads in a coin toss is the proportion of heads in an infinite number of coin tosses [1]
- Frequentist probability does not really exist for events that cannot be repeated.
- Such as whether there were more than 400 Saimaa ringed seals alive in 2024.
- In frequentist inference, probability only reflects Aleatory uncertainty.
- Epistemic uncertainty is expressed with terms like "Confidence level" (e.g. 95% confidence interval) or "statistical significance" (e.g. p-value)