Problems with "sustainability"

• Treats sustainability as an aimed goal or end product
• Sustainable Development is the process to reach such a goal
• This article shows the different experiences and indicates how environment cannot be separated from the environment

Context-based relationality

• Similar Indigenous terms to "sustainability" usually focus on healthy living (i.e. buen vivir)
• contextualizing one's realtions with other humans and nonhumans
• Concept of sustainability is based onmultiple generations

Community-based governance

• Indigenous governments need to be taken into account to meet these goals
• Governance can include relationships with the environment, knowledge of management practices
  • Not only human-human relations
  • Interactions between Indigenous orgs and government have shown good results in territorial protection

Education and Language

• Indigenous peoples' knowledge and science needs to be included in governance
• These include ethical, moral guidelines and nonhuman relationships
• Even if there is long-term Indigenous ways to manage the land there is still discrimination about environmental knowledge
• (from later in article) ensuring education and health care in Indigenous commmunities means they must incorporate language and traditional knowledge

Quality of life measurements

• Knowledge relevant to a place is more important than general knowledgefor sustainabilitly (resilience)
• Collaboration and cooperation are needed
• The concept of degrowth and permaculture are similar to Indigenousnotions and need to be given attention

Language

• Communication is the core of relations between human and nonhuman beings.
  • Ways of speaking have responded to these changes
  • Stories, genres and narratives
• Sustaining languages is a committment to think of the relations that these have comprised

Recognition of life-givers

• Regognition that humans depend on other beings for not only material but spiritual agencies
• Indigenous conceptions emphasize place, locality, relationsand sacred exchanges

Conclusion

• Based on human-based approaches